This paper explores Russia’s evolving policy on rare earth elements and other critical minerals in 2025. It examines key government strategies, export dynamics, institutional developments, and the role of Arctic resources in the broader geopolitical context. Special attention is given to the intersection of mineral policy with U.S. and Chinese positions, as well as recent presidential directives shaping Russia’s resource governance.
The document is intended for researchers, policy analysts, and stakeholders interested in strategic raw materials and Russia’s international positioning.
The economy of the North - and Beyond 